11th September is a date that has gone down in world history as a day when humanity lost and terror won. It is a significant day in the discourse on terrorism. For the world it could be the crumbling of the twin tower in the terrorist attack in 2001, but for the 40 million people of the North-east India their democratic aspirations had also crumbled on the same day but almost half a century ago, when the President of India put his signature to the Armed Forces Special Powers (Assam and Manipur) Act (AFSPA) on September 11, 1958.
The bill was introduced as a temporary measure to contain the uprising in the Naga Hills, but five decades later a large part of the north east is still under the grip of the military rule. Thousands of lives have been extinguished in enforced disappearances and extrajudicial executions. Torture, rape, arbitrary detention, forced migration and displacement has become part of life. Of many such instances of repression and subjugation of the local people in the north east, the most notorious one is known as the Malom Massacre.
On November 2, 2000, in Malom, a town in the Imphal Valley of Manipur, ten civilians were allegedly shot and killed by the Assam Rifles, one of the Indian Paramilitary forces operating in the state, while waiting at a bus stop. The next day's local newspapers published graphic pictures of the dead bodies, including one of a 62-year old woman, and 18-year old Sinam Chandramani, a 1988 National Child Bravery Award winner. It was then that a 28 year old female began to fast in protest of the killings, taking neither food nor water. It is 2011, and she is still continuing with her fast...!! She is Irom Chanu Sharmila, or the Iron Lady of Manipur as she is popularly known.
Anna Hazare fasted for four days and the nation stirred up into action to support his cause. Irom Sharmila has been fasting for the past 11 years and barely anyone knows about it! Why? Because Anna Hazare performed the stint in the heart of the capital city and Irom Sharmila has been struggling in a small room in Imphal, in the far forgotten north east state of Manipur (please do not confuse it with the cash rich education mecca of the super rich). For 10 years, she hasn't eaten anything but the Indian state has kept her alive on a cocktail of vitamins and nutrients, and also arrested her on numerous accounts under IPC section 309, which states that a person who "attempts to commit suicide" is punishable "with simple imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year. She is force-fed twice a day through her nose, and this has been going on for the past seven years! The offence of ‘attempt to suicide’ is bailable and the maximum sentence cannot exceed one year. She refused to break her fast or seek bail. As is the pattern, she is released by the court on completion of one year and is re-arrested with 2-3 days of her release under same charges...
So why did it take so long for media to take notice of this super human effort of a woman, whose resilience moves you, considering the sheer magnitude of what she is single-handedly trying to achieve. It has much to do with the fact that corruption as a broad subject is easier understood by the Indian middle class than an obscure martial law that is perceived to have no bearing on the lives of the majority of people. As it was fashionable to be patriotic during the Kargil war, it is now fashionable to be fighters against corruption! While Anna Hazare became the centre of media attention immediately or rather before he started the fast, and celebrities conveniently grabbed the opportunity to hog some more limelight and media sympathy, Irom Sharmila's struggle came to light only in 2004. But no one came ahead to support her, not a single candlelight walk by the rich and the affluent of India nor the usual media hype. Just because she belongs from a state which is ‘not a part of mainland India’...?
Sharmila does not seem to be edging anywhere close to her demand, but she surely has lost much in the interim. Keeping aside the health issues, it has been reported that her brother lost a government job because he chose to remain on her side, the family had to go bankrupt. Irom Sakhi’s (Sharmila’s mother) has never met her daughter since she blessed her on the momentous day when she undertook her fast...Irom Sharmila continued to fast under arrest while India carried on elections and cricket. Had Anna Hazare too been on fast during the World Cup, I am sure the media would have blissfully ignored him. Timing, it seems, is very important in politics and media...Except for a customary and superficial mention every now and then, the entire Indian media still ignores her. Why? Because it is unpatriotic to question the army or criticize it, even though it may be as corrupt as our politicians and even more brutal sometimes. A government bullying the citizens of an entire state with its army is worse than corruption. And this has been going on in the North-east irrespective of that party holds power in Delhi.
For the past few months, a sort of revolution has been building up against corruption. But Irom Sharmila's silent protest has gone unnoticed. Is it because she is challenging the constitution and not the politician, the favourite whipping boy for the media since ages? Are we waiting for another martyr like Swami Nigamananda, who died after a 114-day hunger strike in Haridwar, demanding immediate stopping of quarrying in the river Ganga. A certain Baba Ramdev, with hugely political ambitions beyond his expertise of yoga promptly makes headlines while a woman fasting for the past 11 years goes unnoticed. Is this our idea of justice? There is a very famous proverb that justice delayed is justice denied, and its high time that Irom Sharmila gets her part of justice, something that she deserved long long time back...
“I am not important for this world, just like a worm that can be crushed.”- Amritapa Basu
For details about the AFSPA, check link (2). For the exclusive interview of Irom Sharmila, see link (3). The report by Babloo Loitongbam can also be read for details of the insurgency in Manipur. The list of atrocities metted out to the local people is well documented in link (4).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irom_Chanu_Sharmila (1)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armed_Forces_(Special_Powers)_Act,_1958 (2)
http://www.imow.org/wpp/stories/viewStory?storyId=1084 (3)
http://www.cpiml.org/liberation/year_2004/september/Manipur_Burning.htm (4)